42
Step and repeat rotation
2
Now enter Free Transform. We
want to rotate around the center,
so grab the center marker (it’s easier
to get if you hold O A) and drag it
vertically downwards.
T
HE STEP AND REPEAT PROCESS
mentioned on the previous page can
be used to create regular patterns and arrays.
The success of the operation depends largely
on where you place the center marker: here,
we’ll demonstrate the techniques by building a
simple clock face.
It’s easiest to find the center point of the
clock if you create two guidelines first, by
dragging them in from the rulers (you’ll need to
show the rulers if you can’t see them already).
Make a vertical and a horizontal guide so that
they cross in the center of the artwork.
Once the basic clock is complete, it’s easy
to change the position of the hands to make
them tell any time you want.
12
To make the hand pointed,
hold CSO
LSA as you drag a top corner
handle: this will produce a symmetrical
distortion, making a simple triangle.
1
Begin by drawing a tiny rectangle,
on a new layer, and filling it with
color. This will be the starting point for
all the ticks around the perimeter of our
clock face.
11
Now for the hands. On a new
layer, make a simple rectangle
and fill it with red. It should be centered
on the 12 o’clock position, with its base
at the clock center.
7
Now delete to shorten each
marker. Here, I’ve hidden the
original hour markers so we can see the
difference.
6
Now to make the minute markers.
Duplicate the layer, and make an
elliptical selection that includes around
half of each marker.
2
Transformation and distortion
SHORTCUTS
MAC WIN BOTH
43
HOT TIP
It’s easy to end up
with too many
layers using this
technique – 60
of them, in fact.
So take the
opportunity to
merge layers
together
whenever
appropriate, by
selecting them
and choosing
Merge Layers from
the Layer menu, or
pressing Ce
Le.
4
That transformation moved the
original marker. Undo, then press
CSOt LSAt to
repeat the transformation: this time, it
will rotate a copy of the original layer.
14
Before leaving Free Transform,
we need to make this hand
shorter. So grab the top center handle,
and drag it towards the center of the
clock: we now have an hour hand.
3
Hold S as you drag to rotate,
and it will jump to 15° steps. We
want 30° to mark the hour points, so
move it two steps round; press E to
apply the transformation.
13
Now duplicate that hand layer,
and enter Free Transform
again: drag the center marker to the
bottom center handle, and it will rotate
around that point.
5
Press CSOt
LSAt another ten
times; each time another marker will be
added around the clock face. Then select
and merge all the layers.
15
All we need to do now is cover
up that ugly join in the center.
That’s easily done by making a new
layer, and filling a circular selection with
the same color as the hands.
9
Here’s our shortened minute
marker layer, rotated by 6°. (360°
divided by 60, the number of minutes in
an hour, if you’re wondering.)
8
Enter Free Transform. We need to
rotate by 6° this time, so enter this
figure in the Rotate field in the Options
bar:
10
Press CSOt
LSAt three times,
and all the minutes will appear. The hour
markers are shown here again.
How to Cheat in Photoshop CC
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