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by Esta Lessing
CCBA® and CBAP® Certifications Study Guide
Title Page
Copyright and Credits
CCBA® and CBAP® Certifications Study Guide
Dedication
About Packt
Why subscribe?
Contributors
About the author
About the reviewer
Packt is searching for authors like you
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Conventions used
Get in touch
Reviews
Planning for Success
Benefits of the CCBA® or CBAP® designations
Improved confidence
Recognition in the workplace
Better career opportunities
An entirely new career focus
Visualization as a powerful study tool
You get what you focus on
Setting your certification goal
The ideal timeframe for preparation
How familiar are you with the BABOK® Guide v3 today?
What is your preferred learning style?
Are you a confident learner or a conservative learner?
Have you done a lot of business analysis study before?
Key concepts for creating a good study plan
#1 Working backward
#2 Knowing your own learning style
#3 Being practical and choosing a routine activity
#4 Limiting the scope of study during each session
#5 Having the right materials and study tools
#6 Having goals and measuring progress
Your study plan framework 
Creating your custom study plan
Tips for when you draft your plan
Baseline days
Revision days
Rest days
Ready to get started
Summary
Benefits of certification
Visualization as a study tool
Key concepts when you create a study plan
Your study plan framework
Knowledge quiz
Answers
Exam Application Requirements
A competency-based certification model
CCBA® application requirements
CBAP® application requirements
Additional requirements for CCBA® and CBAP® applicants 
The exam 
Application process
Summary
Competency-based certification model
CCBA® application requirements
CBAP® application requirements
Additional CCBA® and CBAP® requirements
Knowledge quiz
Answers
Study Tools
BABOK® v3.0 Guide structure
Business analysis key concepts
Knowledge areas
Underlying competencies
Techniques
Perspectives
Summary
Navigating through the main sections of the BABOK® Guide
Knowledge areas
Underlying competencies, techniques, and perspectives
Knowledge quiz
Answers
What to Expect From the Exam
Exam blueprints
Question types
Summary
Exam blueprints
Question types
Knowledge quiz
Answers
Business Analysis Foundation Concepts
Understanding business analysis
Who is a business analyst?
The Business Analysis Core Concept Model™ 
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Key terms 
Business analysis
Business analysis information
Design
Organization
Enterprise
Plan
Requirement
Risk
Stakeholders
Business analyst
Customer
Domain subject matter expert
End user
Implementation subject matter expert
Operational support
Project manager
Regulator
Sponsor
Supplier
Tester
Requirements classification schema
Business requirements
Stakeholder requirements
Solution requirements
Transition requirements
Requirements and designs
Summary 
Business analysis and Business Analyst
Business Analysis Core Concept Model
Key terms
Stakeholders
Requirements classification schema
Knowledge quiz
Answers
Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring
Understanding Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring
The Business Analysis Core Concept Model™  
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Task: Plan Business Analysis Approach
The elements of Plan Business Analysis Approach
Element 1: Planning the approach
A predictive approach
An adaptive approach
Element 2: Formality and the level of detail of business analysis deliverables 
Element 3: Business analysis activities
Element 4: The timing of business analysis work
Element 5: Complexity and risk
Element 6: The acceptance of the business analysis approach and plan
The inputs and outputs of this task
Task: Plan Stakeholder Engagement
The number of stakeholders
The elements of Plan Stakeholder Engagement
Element 1: Performing stakeholder analysis 
Roles matter
Attitudes of stakeholders
The decision-making authority
Element 2: Defining stakeholder collaboration
Element 3: Stakeholder communication needs
The inputs and outputs of this task
Task: Plan Business Analysis Governance
The elements of Plan Business Analysis Governance
Element 1: Decision-making
Element 2: Changing the control process
Element 3: Planning a prioritization approach
Element 4: Planning for approvals
The inputs and outputs of this task
Task: Plan Business Analysis Information Management
The elements of Plan Business Analysis Information Management
Element 1: The organization of business analysis information
Element 2: The level of abstraction
Element 3: Planning a traceability approach
Element 4:  Planning for requirements' reuse
Element 5:  Storage and access
Element 6: Requirements attributes
The inputs and outputs of this task
Task: Identify Business Analysis Performance Improvements
The elements of Identify Business Analysis Performance Improvements
Element 1: Performance analysis
Element 2: Assessment measures
Element 3: Analyzing results
Element 4: Recommended actions for improvement
The inputs and outputs of this task
Summary
The Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring knowledge area
The Plan Business Analysis Approach task
The Plan Stakeholder Engagement task
The Plan Business Analysis Governance task
The Plan Business Analysis Information Management task
The Identify Business Analysis Performance Improvements task 
Knowledge quiz
Case study: The GO technology payment program
Answers
Elicitation and Collaboration
Understanding elicitation and collaboration
The Business Analysis Core Concept Model™
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Task: Prepare for Elicitation
Purpose
Elements 
Element 1: Understand the scope of elicitation 
Element 2: Select elicitation techniques
Element 3: Set up logistics
Element 4: Secure supporting material
Element 5: Prepare stakeholders
Inputs and outputs
Task: Conduct Elicitation
Purpose 
Types of elicitation
Collaborative 
Research
Experiments
Elements
Element 1: Guide elicitation activity 
Element 2 – Capture elicitation outcomes
Inputs and outputs
Task: Confirm Elicitation Results
Purpose 
Elements
Element 1: Compare elicitation results against source information
Element 2: Compare elicitation results against other elicitation results
Inputs and outputs
Task: Communicate Business Analysis Information
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Determine objectives and format of communication
Formats of packages
Element 2: Communicate the business analysis package
Inputs and outputs
Task: Manage Stakeholder Collaboration
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Gain agreement on commitments
Element 2: Monitor stakeholder engagement
Element 3: Collaboration
Inputs and outputs
Summary
Task: Prepare for elicitation
Task: Conduct elicitation
Task: Confirm elicitation results
Task: Communicate business analysis information
Task: Manage stakeholder collaboration
Knowledge quiz 
Real-world case study – cardholder portal project
Answers
Requirements Life Cycle Management
What is Requirements Life Cycle Management?
The Business Analysis Core Concept Model™  
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Task: Trace Requirements
Purpose
Why trace requirements?
Elements
Element 1: Level of formality
Element 2: Relationships
Element 3: Traceability Repository
Inputs and outputs
Task: Maintain Requirements
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Maintain requirements
Element 2: Maintain attributes
Element 3: Reusing requirements 
Inputs and outputs
Task: Prioritize Requirements
Purpose
Why do we need to prioritize requirements?
Elements
Element 1: Basis of prioritization
Benefit 
Penalty
Cost
Risk 
Dependencies 
Time sensitivity 
Stability
Regulatory or policy compliance 
Element 2: Challenges of prioritization
Element 3: Continual prioritization
Inputs and outputs
Task: Assess Requirements Changes
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Assessment formality 
Predictive and adaptive approaches
Element 2: Impact analysis
Element 3: Impact resolution
Inputs and outputs
Task: Approve Requirements
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Understand stakeholder roles
Element 2: Conflict and issue management 
Element 3: Gain consensus
Element 4: Track and communicate approval
Inputs and outputs
Summary
Task: Trace Requirements
Task: Maintain Requirements
Task: Prioritize Requirements
Task: Assess Requirements Changes
Task: Approve Requirements
Knowledge quiz
Real-world case study: Car booking system project
Answers
Strategy Analysis
What is Strategy Analysis?
The Business Analysis Core Concept Model™  
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Task: Analyze Current State
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Business needs
Element 2: Organizational structure and culture
Element 3: Capabilities and processes
Element 4: Technology and infrastructure
Element 5: Policies
Element 6: Business architecture
Element 7: Internal assets
Element 8: External influences
Inputs and outputs
Task: Define Future State
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Business goals and objectives
Element 2: The scope of the solution space
Element 3: Constraints
Element 4: Organizational structure and culture
Element 5: Capabilities and processes
Element 6: Technology and infrastructure
Element 7: Policies
Element 8: Business architecture
Element 9: Internal assets
Element 10: Identify assumptions
Element 11: Potential value
Inputs and outputs
Task: Assess Risks
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Unknowns
Element 2: Constraints, assumptions, and dependencies
Element 3: Negative impact on the value
Element 4: Risk tolerance
Element 5: Recommendations
Inputs and outputs
Task: Define Change Strategy
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Solution scope
Element 2: Gap analysis
Element 3: Enterprise readiness assessment
Element 4: Change strategy
Element 5: Transition states and release planning
Inputs and outputs
Summary
Learning outcome: Strategy Analysis 
Learning outcome: Analyze Current State
Learning outcome: Define Future State
Learning outcome: Assess Risks
Learning outcome: Define Change Strategy
Knowledge quiz
Case Study: Police criminal record management system
Answers 
Requirements Analysis and Design Definition
What is Requirements Analysis and Design Definition?
Business Analysis Core Concept Model™
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Task: Specifying and modeling requirements
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: The model requirements 
Matrices 
Diagrams
Element 2: Analyzing the requirements 
Element 3: Representing requirements and attributes
Element 4: Implementing the appropriate levels of abstraction 
Inputs and outputs
Task: Verifying the requirements
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: The characteristics of the requirements and the design quality 
Element 2: The verification activities
Element 3: Checklists
Inputs and outputs
Task: Validating the requirements
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Identifying assumptions 
Element 2: Defining measurable evaluation criteria
Element 3: Evaluating the alignment against the solution scope
Inputs and outputs
Task: Defining the requirements architecture
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: The requirements architecture viewpoints and views 
Element 2: Template architectures 
Element 3: Completeness
Element 4: Relating and verifying the requirements relationships
Element 5: The business analysis information architecture
Inputs and outputs
Task: Defining the design options
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Defining the solution approaches
Element 2: Identifying the improvement opportunities 
Increasing efficiencies 
Improving access to information
Identifying additional capabilities
Element 3: Requirements allocation
Element 4: Describing the design options 
Inputs and outputs
Task: Analyzing the potential value and recommending a solution
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: The expected benefits 
Element 2: The expected costs
Element 3: Determining the value
Element 4: Assessing the design options and recommending a solution
Available resources
Constraints on the solution
Dependencies between requirements
Inputs and outputs
Summary
The learning outcome for the Requirements Analysis and Design Definition knowledge area
The learning outcome for specifying and modeling requirements  
The learning outcome for verifying requirements
The learning outcome for validating requirements
The learning outcome for defining the requirements architecture
The learning outcome for defining the solution options
Knowledge quiz
Case study – a health solutions company 
Answers
Solution Evaluation
What is Solution Evaluation?
Business Analysis Core Concept Model™
Change
Need
Solution
Stakeholder
Value
Context
Task: Measure Solution Performance
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Defining solution performance measures 
Quantitative measures
Qualitative measures
Element 2: Validating performance measures
Element 3: Collecting performance measures
Inputs and outputs
Task: Analyzing Performance Measures
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Solution performance versus desired value 
Element 2: Risks 
Element 3: Trends
Element 4: Accuracy
Element 5: Performance variations
Inputs and outputs
Task: Assessing Solution Limitations
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Identify internal solution component dependencies
Element 2: Investigate solution problems
Element 3: Impact assessment
Inputs and outputs
Task: Assessing Enterprise Limitations
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Enterprise culture assessment 
Element 2: Stakeholder impact analysis 
Function
Location
Concerns
Element 3: Organizational structure changes
Element 4: Operational assessment
Inputs and outputs
Task: Recommending Actions to Increase the Solution Value
Purpose
Elements
Element 1: Adjust solution performance measures
Element 2: Recommendations 
Inputs and outputs
Summary
Learning outcome: Solution evaluation
Learning outcome: Task – Measuring solution performance
Learning outcome: Task – Analyzing performance measures
Learning outcome: Task – Assessing solution limitations
Learning outcome: Task – Assessing enterprise limitations
Learning outcome: Task – Recommending actions to increase the solution value
Knowledge quiz
Case study: Mobile pay
Answers
Underlying Competencies
What are the underlying competencies?
Analytical thinking and problem-solving
Core competency 1: Creative thinking
Core competency 2: Decision-making
Core competency 3: Learning
Core competency 4: Problem-solving
Core competency 5: Systems thinking
Core competency 6: Conceptual thinking
Core competency 7: Visual thinking
Exploring behavioral characteristics
Core competency 1: Ethics
Core competency 2: Personal accountability 
Core competency 3: Trustworthiness
Core competency 4: Organization and time management
Core competency 5: Adaptability
Business knowledge
Core competency 1: Business acumen
Core competency 2: Industry knowledge
Core competency 3: Organization knowledge
Core competency 4: Solution knowledge
Core competency 5: Methodology knowledge
Communication skills
Core competency 1: Verbal communication
Core competency 2: Non-verbal communication
Core competency 3: Written communication
Core competency 4: Listening
Interaction skills 
Core competency 1: Facilitation
Core competency 2: Leadership and influencing
Core competency 3: Teamwork
Core competency 4: Negotiation and conflict resolution
Core competency 5: Teaching
Exploring tools and technology
Core competency 1: Office productivity tools and technology
Core competency 2: Business analysis tools and technology 
Core competency 3: Communication tools and technology
Summary
Learning outcome – underlying competencies
Learning outcome – analytical thinking and problem-solving
Learning outcome – behavioral characteristics
Learning outcome – business knowledge
Learning outcome – communication skills
Learning outcome – interaction skills
Learning outcome – tools and technology
Knowledge quiz
Case study – a day in the life of a business analyst
Situation 1
Situation 2
Situation 3
Situation 4
Questions
Answers
Techniques (Part 1)
Techniques for the exam
Acceptance and evaluation criteria
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Backlog management
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Balanced scorecards
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Benchmarking and market analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Brainstorming
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Business capability analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Business cases
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
Need assessment
Desired outcomes
Assessing the alternatives
Recommending a solution 
Business model canvas
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique
When should you apply this technique?
Business rules analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Collaborative games
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Concept modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Data dictionary
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Data flow diagrams
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Data mining
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Data modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
Key concepts
In what situations should you apply this technique?
Decision analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Decision modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Document analysis 
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Estimation
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Financial analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
Financial calculations
When should you apply this technique?
Focus groups
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Functional decomposition
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Glossary
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Interface analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Interviews
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Summary
Techniques (Part 2)
Item tracking
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Lessons learned
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Metrics and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique
When should you apply this technique?
Mind mapping
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Non-functional requirements analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Observation
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Organizational modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Prioritization
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Process analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Process modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique
When should you apply this technique?
Prototyping
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Reviews
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Risk analysis and management
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Roles and permissions matrix
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Root cause analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Scope modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Sequence diagrams
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Stakeholder lists, maps, or personas
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
State Modeling
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Surveys or questionnaires
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
SWOT analysis
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Use cases and scenarios
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
User stories
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Vendor assessments
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Workshops
What is the purpose of this technique?
Key things to know when using this technique 
When should you apply this technique?
Summary
Mock Exam Questions: Case Studies
Case study 1 – Global online platform
Questions
Case study 2 – Offender management system
Questions
Case study 3 – Health and fitness app
Questions
Case study 4 – Business case for a retail company
Problem statement
Desired outcome
Questions
Answers
Answers – Case study 1 – Global online platform
Answers – Case study 2 – Offender management system
Answers – Case study 3 – Health and fitness app
Answers – Case study 4 – Business case for a retail company
Mock Exam Questions: Theory
Questions
Answers
Your Future with a Success Mindset
Planning your next salary increase
People get increases, not qualifications
The employee viewpoint 
Understanding the employer's point of view
Why do you want an increase?
The "What if?" game
Understanding the fear of failure
What does this have to do with salary increases? 
Understanding the process
Before you ask for an increase
Being of value
There is a right way to brag
Is that fair? 
Making your intentions clear
So, what does this mean?
Defining your goal
Knowing the rules of the game
Why your employer is likely to give you an increase when you ask
Summary
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