A process model, in its most basic form, includes a trigger event, a sequence of activities, and a result. More complex interpretations of a process model can include elements such as data stores, input and output descriptions, and call-out descriptions that supplement the visual diagram.

Some of the common notations for process modeling include flow charts and value stream mapping, data flow diagrams, Unified Modelling Language (UML) diagrams, Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN), integrated DEFinition (DEF) notation, Input, Guide, Output, and Enabler (IGOE) diagrams, SIPOC, and value stream analysis.

A process model typically contains the following types of elements:

• Activity: This describes the activity of a specific task that is being performed.
• Event: This is a zero-time occurrence that either triggers (initiates), interrupts (timers), or terminates (ends) the flow in a process model.
• Directional flow: This is the part of the diagram that shows what direction the sequence of activities is flowing in.
• Decision point: This is the element that indicates whether a decision needs to be made about whether the outcome will affect the directional flow of the diagram. 
• Link: This is an element that indicates whether there is a link to another process model diagram.
• Role: This element shows who is performing particular activities.

All these elements are essential to a process model, regardless of the notation or method you choose to apply.