This technique is also referred to as job shadowing. There are two basic approaches to applying observation as a technique:

• Active/noticeable: This approach allows the observer to ask questions as and when they observe something that is either unclear or prompts an idea for a business need. 
• Passive/unnoticeable: This approach doesn't allow the observer to interrupt the person or people being observed while a process or activity is performed. Any questions must be asked at the end of the observation period.

It is important to carefully prepare for the observation activity and conduct the observation as agreed by the stakeholders or relevant parties. Once the observation is complete, it is important to record and confirm that the information captured during the observation is accurate and is a true reflection of what was observed.